Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a proactive risk assessment tool used to identify potential failure modes in a process or product. It evaluates risks based on Severity, Occurrence, and Detection, and prioritizes them using Risk Priority Number (RPN). This enables teams to take preventive actions before failures occur.
Example: In a packaging process, FMEA identified sealing failure as a high-risk issue. Preventive actions such as temperature control and regular maintenance reduced defects significantly.